Sodium Benzoate is Associated with Salmonella typhi Resistant to Chloramphenicol
Abstract: There are many
factors that govern growth and resistant of Salmonella typhi. A study had
reported that the use of sodium benzoate caused antibiotic resistant. However,
no study has directly evaluated the effect of sodium benzoate exposure on S.
typhi sensitivity to chloramphenicol. The aim of this study was to evaluate the
resistance or sensitivity of S. typhi to chloramphenicol after sodium benzoate
exposure. Methods: The study was conducted in seven groups: three treatment
groups (sodium benzoate insensitive S. typhi+8 µg/mL, 16 µg/mL, and 32 µg/mL of
chloramphenicol), three positive control groups (sodium benzoate sensitive S.
typhi+8 µg/mL, 16 µg/mL, and 32 µg/mL of chloramphenicol), and one negative
control groups (sodium benzoate sensitive S. typhi+0 µg/mL of chloramphenicol).
The effect of sodium benzoate exposure to S. typhi sensitivity to
chloramphenicol was measured after 24 hours. Spearman test was used to analyzed
this association. Results: In this study, we found that the average S. typhi
growth in the treatment groups (A, B, C) was 445 CFU/mL, 385 CFU/mL, and 171
CFU/mL, respectively. While in the positive control group (D, E, F) was not
obtained any S. typhi growth. Average S. typhi growth in the negative control
group was 430 CFU/mL. Discussion: We found that sodium benzoate exposure
inhibited S. typhi growth and affected S. typhi sensitivity to chloramphenicol
(p<0.05). In addition, we found that 32 µg/mL chloramphenicol had the
highest mean difference value, so this showed that the dose 32 µg/mL of
chloramphenicol had the best effectiveness of various treatment groups
(p<0.05). Conclusions: Sodium benzoate exposure can inhibit S. typhi growth
and cause S. typhi resistant to chloramphenicol.
Keywords: Salmonella typhi; chloramphenicol;
sodium benzoate; drug resistance
Author: Jonny K Fajar, Retno A
Puspitasari, Ariani R Dewi, Arif Yahya, Jay R Anand
Journal Code: jpkedokterangg160324
