Antidiabetic Effect of Urena lobata: Preliminary Study on Hexane, Ethanolic, and Aqueous Leaf Extracts
Abstract: Chronic
hyperglycemia is one of the signs of human type-2 diabetes mellitus due to
insulin resistance and depletion. This study aimed to evaluate hexane,
ethanolic, and aqueous leaf extracts of Urena lobata as antihyperglycemic
agent. Design of this study was a post-test only control group using 25 male
Sprague-Dawley rats divided into 5 groups. High fructose diet (HFD) ad libitum
and single dose of intraperitoneal streptozocin (STZ) (25 mg/kgBW) were
administered to induce diabetes in rats. Three groups of the diabetic rats
orally received 500 mg/kgBW of only a type of leaf extract of U. lobata for 4
weeks. Insulin serum levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay (ELISA) method. Size, shape, and density of the islet cells were observed
by light microscope. Blood glucose level and the area under curve (AUC) of
serial oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were measured. The U. lobata leaf
extracts of three types of solvent all increased serum insulin level and
improved β cells condition, also decreased the AUC of the OGTT series in
diabetic rats. Values were compared with untreated diabetic rats (p<0,05).
The aqueous leaf extract of U. lobata was the best in increasing insulin serum
level, recovering islet cells condition, and correcting blood glucose level.
The hexane extract showed poor results when compared to the other soluble
agents.
Keywords: Urena lobata;
hyperglycemia; diabetic rats; insulin; aqueous extract
Penulis: Doti Wahyuningsih,
Yudi Purnomo
Kode Jurnal: jpkedokterandd180002
