A Phenotypic Comparison between HIV Positive and HIV Negative Tuberculous Meningitis Patients
Abstract: Tuberculous
meningitis (TBM) is the most common type of meningitis found in humans and the
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a major risk factor of TBM. This study
aimed to identify phenotype differences, such as clinical manifestations,
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings, and chest x-ray results between HIV
positive and HIV negative TBM patients. Methods: This was a comparative
analytical study of 123 TBM patients. The patients were divided into two groups
based on their HIV status, and their phenotypes were compared. A retrospective
cross sectional designed study was carried out in case report form using a TBM
cohort and Rifampicin dose finding study in the neurological ward at the Dr.
Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, between January 2015 and August 2016.
Categorical data was analysed using Chi square tests and the alternative
Fisher’s Exact test and Mann-Whitney test was used for numerical data. P-values
were significant if p < 0.05. Results: Of the phenotypic parameters, only
the CSF results had statistical difference. HIV positive subjects had higher
CSF to blood glucose ratios (0.42 vs. 0.18; p = 0.001) and fewer leukocyte
cells (41 vs. 199; p < 0.001). Conclusions: CSF findings of TBM patients’
revealed differences between HIV positive and negative patients, whilst
clinical manifestations and chest x-ray results showed no differences.
Keywords: cerebrospinal fluid,
chest x-ray, clinical manifestations, HIV, tuberculous meningitis
Author: Ita Anggraini, Yovita
Hartantri, Ahmad Rizal
Journal Code: jpkedokterangg170246
