THE ROLE OF HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS IN ADVANCED LARYNGEAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA
ABSTRACT: Many studies had
been conducted regarding the association of human papillomavirus (HPV) with
laryngeal cancer. HPV was assumed to be one of the etiology of squamous cell
carcinoma (SCC) besides smoking and alcohol consumption. Neck lymph node
metastasis which is found in advanced laryngeal cancer could decrease the
5-year survival rate up to 50%. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the
role of HPV infections in the oncogenesis of the advanced laryngeal SCC and to
evaluate the role of HPV in neck metastasis. Methods: Cross-sectional, double
blind study with planned data collection. Data were taken from Formalin Fixed
Paraffin Embedded (FFPE) of laryngeal cancer specimen after laryngectomy.
Samples were analyzed by nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and continuous
flow-through hybridization for genotyping. Expression of Epidermal Growth
Factor Receptor (EGFR), and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) as
metastasis biomarker were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Results: Overall
HPV proportion in laryngeal cancer was 28.7%. A total of 9% laryngeal cancer
patients were infected with high risk HPV type and HPV 16 was found in 5 out of
7 samples. Mantel-Haenszel multivariate analysis found that HPV infection did
not play a role in neck metastasis even though there were positive evidences of
metastasis biomarker. On the contrary, in the absent of HPV, high expression
metastasis biomarkers increased the risk of neck nodes metastasis: in EGFR 3.38
and VEGF 5.14 fold. Conclusion: HPV was found to be an oncogenic factor of
laryngeal SCC, and HPV 16 was the most frequently observed type of HPV. HPV had
protective function towards lymph node metastasis.
Keywords: Human
papillomavirus, advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, expression of
epidermal growth factor receptor, vascular endothelial growth factor, formalin
fixed paraffin embedded
Penulis: Fauziah Fardizza,
Bambang Hermani, Susyana Tamin
Kode Jurnal: jpkedokterandd160739
