Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence, Risk Factors and Its Impact: Multivariate Analysis from Indonesian Nationwide Survey
Abstract: to describe the
profile of urinary infection (UI) and to analyze its risk factors and impacts.
Methods: subjects were enrolled consecutively from pediatric, urology,
obstetrics & gynecology, and geriatric outpatient clinics at six teaching
hospitals in various regions of Indonesia. Those with urinary tract infection
and diabetes mellitus were excluded. The UI questionnaire was adapted from the
3 Incontinence Questions (3IQ). Written informed consent was obtained prior to
the interview. Results: about 2765 completed questionnaires were obtained. The
overall UI prevalence was 13.0%, which consisted of prevalence of stress UI
(4.0%), urgency UI/wet OAB (4.1%), dry OAB (1.6%), mixed UI (1.6%), overflow UI
(0.4%), enuresis (0.4%), other UI (0.7%). The prevalence of UI was
significantly higher (p<0.001) in geriatric population (22.2%) compared to
the adult (12.0%), and pediatric population (6.8%). There was no prevalence
difference (p>0.05) between male and female subjects. Enuresis and urgency
UI/wet OAB were the most common UI in pediatric population. The prevalence was
2.3% and 2.1% respectively. Urgency UI and stress UI were the two most common
type in adult and geriatric population. Both have an equal prevalence of 4.6%.
The multivariate analysis showed that the prevalence of UI increased with LUTS
(PR 4.22, 95%CI 2.98-5.97), chronic cough (PR 2.08, 95% CI 1.32-3.28), and
fecal incontinence (PR 1.85, 95% CI 1.03-3.32). We found that UI impaired
family life (25.3%), sexual relationship (13.6%), and job/school performance
(23.7%). Frequent toilet use and reducing fluid intake were the two most common
behavior changes. Conclusion: the prevalence of UI in Indonesia is nearly
similar to other Asian countries. It increases with age and is not affected by
gender. LUTS, chronic cough, and fecal incontinence may have significant
effects on the prevalence. UI seems to impact daily life and behavior.
Key words: urinary
incontinence, daily life, LUTS, prevalence, age
Author: Rochani Sumardi,
Chaidir A Mochtar, Junizaf Junizaf, Budi I Santoso, Siti Setiati, Siti A
Nuhonni, Partini P Trihono, Harrina E Rahardjo, Firtantyo A Syahputra
Journal Code: jpkedokterangg140319
