THE EFFECT OF PHYTOECDYSTEROID OF Cycas revolua, Portulaca oleracea, AND Morus sp. ON MOLTING PERIOD, GROWTH AND SURVIVAL RATE OF TIGER SHRIMP, Penaeus monodon
Abstract: The problem which
has still been faced in the Artificial insemination (AI) is the slow of shrimp
to molt. Ecdysteroid hormone has been reported to stimulate molting of tiger
shrimp. This study aims to isolate ecdysteroid hormone from Cycas revoluta,
Portulaca oleracea and Morus sp. and evaluate its effect on molting period,
growth and survival rate of tiger shrimp. Isolation of ecdysteroid from the
leaves of three species was carried out by maceration and solvent partition
method. Purification of ecdysteroid used repeated column chromatography and
preparative thin layer chromatography (TLC). Evaluation of the isolated
phytoecdysteroid hormone effect on molting period, growth and survival rate of
shrimp was done by injecting of 100 µL phytoecdyasterod (27.5 µg/shrimp) at the
first somite of ventral abdomen. As the comparison, the commercial ecdysteroid
(positive control) and sterile saline solution (negative control) were also
injected at the concentration of 8.6 µg/shrimp and 0 µg/shrimp, respectively.
Finding showed that the highest percentage of phytoecdysteroid was obtained in
Portulaca oleracea, followed by Morus sp. and Cycas revoluta with the
ecdysteroid content of 0.43%, 0.22%, and 0.09%, respectively. Pytoecdysteroid
isolated from the three plants was able to shorten molting period of shrimp
into 4, 4, 2, and 5 days earlier for Portulaca oleracea, Morus sp., Cycas
revoluta, and positive control, respectively, compared to the negative control.
The highest survival rate and growth were obtained at the treatment of
Portulaca oleracea, followed by Morus sp. and Cycas revoluta with the survival
rate, length and weight increase of 86%, 75%, and 25%, 4.42%, 2.26% and 2.16%,
and 15.90%, 10.55%, and 8.73%, respectively.
Keywords: Portulaca oleracea;
Morus sp.; Cycas revoluta; phytoecdysteroid; molting
Author: Rosmiati, Samuel
Lante, Emma Suryati
Journal Code: jpperikanangg160065
