Infection, cure and egg reduction rates of soil-transmitted helminth infections after anthelminthic drugs treatment among school children in Kokap, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Abstract: The prevalence of
helminthiasis on primary school children in Indonesia is high, around 40-60%.
This study aims to assess the impact of treatment and predictors of
soil-transmittedhelminth (STH) infections at 3 months after treatment.
Population of this study wasstudents of a primary school in Kokap (Sekolah
Dasar Negeri/SDN Gunung Agung), KulonProgo, Yogyakarta, determined based on the
inclusion and exclusion criteria (n = 65).Stool samples examined using Kato
Katz method. Students infected with STH were givenappropriate treatment and
stool samples were collected again to determine cure rate (CR)and egg reduction
rate (ERR) at 2 week post-treatment and at 3 months post-treatmentto determine
incidence of re-infection, new infection or failed treatment. Information on
personal hygiene and sanitation were collected by interview with students of
SDNGunung Agung. Treatment with pyrantel pamoat was effective against hookworm
andAscaris lumbricoides with CR of 100% and ERR of 100% while treatment with
albendazolwas ineffective against Trichuris trichiura (CR = 12.8%, ERR = 62.4%)
though theWilcoxon test for T. trichiura showed a significant reduction egg
count (epg) before and2 week after treatment (p<0.05). The overall infection
rate at 3 months after treatmentwas 35.4% with cases of re-infection, new
infection and untreated cases. This result wasnot significantly different with
infection rate before treatment (p>0.05). The existence of double infection
before treatment showed p value <0.05 (OR = 2) with the prevalence ofSTH
infections 3 months after treatment. Bivariate analysis between personal
hygiene andenvironmental sanitation with the prevalence of STH infections 3
months after treatmentwas obtained p value >0.05. Presence of re-infection,
new infection and untreated cases confirms that an integrated approach is
necessary to control STH infection in Kokap,Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta.
Author: Fitria Siwi Nur Rochmah
Journal Code: jpkedokterangg160344
