Blood cadmium levels increase prostate specific antigen and insulin-like growth factor-1 among cadmium exposed workers
Abstract: Cadmium (Cd) is a
heavy metal that is classified as a human carcinogen (group IA), one of the
cancers that it can cause being prostate cancer. The development of prostate
cancer on a molecular basis involves oncogenes such as insuline-like growth
factor-1 (IGF-1). Prostate cancer can be detected in the laboratory through the
examination of prostate specific antigen (PSA). The present study aimed to
determine the relationship of Cd levels with levels of PSA and IGF-1 in exposed
and unexposed workers.
METHODS
The study design was cross sectional. The subjects of the studycame from
two groups of workers, ie. the group of Cd exposed workers who were welding
shop workers and the group of unexposed workers who were office workers. The
minimum samplesize was 85 people. The independent variable was blood Cd level.
The dependent variables were PSA and IGF-1 levels. Blood Cd levels were
measured by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), while PSA and IGF-1 were
measured using ELISA. Data analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney test
and the Spearman correlation test.
RESULTS
Mean blood Cd level in the exposed workers was 6.5 mg/L and in the
unexposed workers 2.15 mg/L. There was a relationship between blood Cd and PSA
levels (p<0.05) and between blood Cd levels and IGF-1 (p <0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
There was a relationship of blood Cd with PSA and IGF-1 levels.among
workers. PSA and IGF-1 could be a biochemical markers of disease control in
cadmium exposed workers.
Keywords: Cadmium; prostate
specific antigen; insuline-like growth factor-1; workers
Author: Nendyah Roestijawati,
Lintje Setyawati Maurits, Sugiyanto
Journal Code: jpkedokterangg170038
