THE EFFECT OF PROBIOTIC ON IMMUNITY IMPROVEMENT IN THE FRY AND SPAWNER PRODUCTION OF PACIFIC WHITE SHRIMP Litopenaeus vannamei
Abstract: In order to improve
immune system of Pacific white shrimp L. vannamei from any kinds of diseases,
various probiotic agents were tested such as Bacillus sp. BC, Alteromonas sp.
BY-9 and mixed of both. The probiotics were cultured and added directly to the
larval rearing tank (106 cfu/mL equal to 0.5 liter/m3) up to PL-12. In cultured
shrimp spawners, probiotic was mixed with feed coated with chitosan, and
without adding probiotic as control. In the present experiment, shrimp fry and
spawners were reared in tank capacity of 5 m3 and 8 m3. Immunity response was
analyzed by quantitative value of the immunity related gene expression with
RTqPCR. The results showed that survival rate of shrimp fry cultured with mixed
probiotic was 63.16% (PL-8) and 53.46% (PL-12), while control 13.35% (PL-8) and
12.48% (PL-12) respectively. The number of shrimp hemocytes starting from 420
to 530.5 x 104 cells/mL and after challenged with WSSV (for 72 hrs exposure)
between two treatments of Alteromonas sp. BY-9 and Bacillus cereus BC was not
significantly different P>0.05 (402.5 and 432.5 x 104 cells/mL), while in
mixed probiotic and control treatments were 391.75 and 229.0 x 104 cells/mL,
respectively. The analysis of immunity gene expression revealed that the use of
probiotic from larval stages up to spawner has been proved in increasing
immunity responses quantified from ProPO activating system
(prophenoloxidase/proPO) as much as 1.6-2.0 fold, clotting system
(transglutaminase, clotting protein) of 1.5-2 fold, Antimicrobial Peptide
System (anti-LPS factor, crustin, lysozyme, penaiedin2) of 1.5-2.8 fold, and
Antioxidant defense mechanism (superoxidase dismutase/SOD, glutathione
peroxidase/GPx) of 1.8-2.0 fold compared to control.
Keywords: fry; spawner; L.
vannamei; probiotic; expression immunerelated gene
Author: Haryanti, Ahmad
Muzaki, Sari Budi Moria Sembiring, Fahrudin Fahrudin, I Gusti Ngurah Permana,
Ida Komang Wardana
Journal Code: jpperikanangg140051
