PERKEMBANGAN MORFOLOGI DAN SIFAT FISIK BUAH PADA TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
ABSTRACT: This study aims to
determine the change pattern of morphological and physical traits of palm oil fruits
during the fruit development until the time to harvest. This research hasbeen
conducted at PT. Panca Surya Garden’s Research Farm located in Kubang Raya,Kampar
and Plant Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau Pekanbaru
from February to August 2016. Sixty fruit bunchs which antheses at the same day
were selected at random from 7 years old oil palm trees. The fruit bunches were
hand pollinated at 18 March 2016 and each was covered by pollination bag.
Beginning at 30 to 120days after pollination (DAP), 3 fruits bunches were
harvested at 15 day interval. Then from125 DAP to 185 DAP the fruit bunch were
harvested every 5 days interval. The change of morphological and physical
traits were observed such as fresh bunch weight, fresh fruitweight per bunch,
mesocarp thickness, fruit diameter, fruit volume and fruit moisture content,and
fruit color. Showed that the increase of bunch weight, fresh fruit weight per
bunch, freshfruit weight occurred at the same pattern. Fruit fresh weight and
dry weight increase steadilyfrom 30 DAP and reached the maximum values at about
170 DAP, then decreased slightly until 185 DAP. The fruit water content
increased slowly from 30 to 45 DAP, then decreasedprogressively untul 150 DAP
and finally decreased very rapidly from 150 to 180 DAP. Fruitcolor changed from
dark purple to red purple and finally at harvest the color change to yellow red.
Penulis: Mulyadi, Aslim
Rasyad, and Isnaini
Kode Jurnal: jppertaniandd170449
