PANAKAWAN WAYANG KULIT PURWA: ASAL-USUL DAN KONSEP PERWUJUDANNYA
ABSTRACT: Panakawan is a group
of purwa shadow puppet having a specific embodiment. The embodiment of
panakawan figures is shown in unproportional body and caricaturistics. The
question is since when panakawan figures appear and how the concept of embodiment
is. To answer that question, the research is done through historical approach
to track the existence of panakawan figures, while the iconography is used to
identify panakawan figures in terms of embodiment, and in tracing the concept
of panakawan embodiment is done through structural approach.
This study found that panakawan history can be traced through two
sources, namely verbal and pictorial sources. Verbal is any source that is
obtained from written works, whereas pictorial is any source of artifacts. The
term of Panakawan was first found on serat Gattkacasraya by Empu Panuluh in the
eleventh century and on Kitab Nawaruci
by Empu Siwamurti in the fifteenth century. Panakawan was also found on
several sources of puppet plays, among others: Kidung Sudamala, Serat
Purwakanda, Serat Pustakarajapurwa, and Serat Purwacarita. On artifact sources,
it was found on temple reliefs and on some kinds of puppet. The concept of
panakawan embodiment was inspired by the disabled people who have magic power.
The people of this type in Yogyakarta palace are called Abdi Dalem Palawija,
whereas in the ancient Java they were included in the character of i’jro.
Penulis: Sunarto
Kode Jurnal: jpantropologidd120069
