AWAL RADIKALISME ISLAM: PENYEBAB KEMUNCULAN KHAWARIJ
ABSTRACT: In Islamic history,
the emergence of khawarij is considered to be the first seed of Islamic
radicalism. Studies on this radical group cannot be separated from the period
of early Islam when it emerged. As a political movement and school of theology,
this group was shaped by the social and political constellations in its time. This article traces the historical root of
this early radical group in Islam. Historians argue that the birth of khawarij
was caused by political cleavage and tension upon Caliph Ali ibn Talib and
Muawiya ibn Sufyan friction. However, the embryo of khawarij was in fact
discovered during the time of the Prophet represented by Dhu al-Khuwaysirah in
the course of the post Hunayn War. Various factors spurred the rise of
khawarij, ranging from geographical factor, fanaticism, Shiffin War to
provocation from Abd Allah ibn Saba’. Khawarij developed as one major stream in
Muslim theology and broke into several extreme and radical splinter groups. The
development of khawarij covers three phases: religious thought, political
movement and political power.
Penulis: Ahmad Choirul Rofiq
Kode Jurnal: jpperadabanislamdd140312
