KASUS-KASUS LEPTOSPIROSIS DI PERBATASAN KABUPATEN BANTUL, SLEMAN, DAN KULON PROGO: ANALISIS SPASIAL
Abstract: Leptospirosis is an
important issue in Yogyakarta Province. Outbreak status had set in Sleman,
Bantul, and Kulonprogo District. The border areas have the most cases. This
study aims to analyze: distribution of the disease; cluster based on the buffer
of distance from case’s home to rice fields, rivers, and roads; determined
clusters; as well as observed patterns of disease diffusion and frequency over
time.
Methods: This study was an observational study. 327 subjects obtained
from all cases of Leptospirosis who were reported in District Health Office
from 2009-2011 and living in seven sub-districts, namely Sedayu, Minggir,
Moyudan, Godean, Sentolo, Nanggulan, and Kalibawang. We performed a
descriptiveanalysis of leptospirosis distribution; a buffer analysis of
distance between home and rice fields,riversandroads; cluster analysis; disease
diffussion analysis and drawing curve of disease frequencyover time.
Results:1)Most of thecasesweredistributedin the agricultural area, area
drained by many riverstreams, and area with moderate rainfall(2000-2500
mm/year). There was nospecificdistribution patterninoverlay of cases map with
mapsof population density, density ofpoor households, altitude, anddensity
oflivestock. 2) Buffer analysis showed a cluster based on the distance between
caseshomewithrice fields,rivers, androads. 3)All cases in the seven
sub-district was one unit cluster. The area is the most widely drained by large
and small rivers. Cluster scores are higher in areas with the highest
deprivation scores and has the most widely watershed. We found some Leptospirosis
clusters which were across-district, across sub districts, and across the
river. 4)Disease diffusion of Leptospirosis cases was an infectious type of
expansion diffusion. There was a seasonal pattern according to the planting
season and the beginning of the rainy season. There was a trend of increase in
Leptospirosis cases from year to year.
Conclusion: Leptospirosis disease in the border of Bantul, Sleman, and
Kulonprogo District were not spread through the river from one region to
another, but very much related to the watershed. Research area which is a
cluster is an area drained by many rivers, so it become moist soils and
conducive for farming and supports the development and growth of Leptospira and
harvest mouse. Cross-sectoral prevention measures must be carried out.
Keywords: leptospirosis,
weil's disease, spatial distribution, spatial analysis, cluster analysis,
disease cluster, geographic factor
Penulis: Maftuhah Nurbeti,
Hari Kusnanto, Widagdo Sri Nugroho
Kode Jurnal: jpkesmasdd160097
