Association between environmental allergen sensitization with severity of atopic dermatitis in children and young adult at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta
ABSTRACT: The important role
of aeroallergens and food allergens as the most common environmental allergens
in exacerbation of atopic dermatitis (AD) is well known. Sensitization is an
essential process which correlates with clinical manifestation of AD. The study
of AD in Indonesia, especially in Yogyakarta, has not been reported, yet. The
aim of study is to evaluate the association between sensitization of
environmental allergens with clinical severity of AD in children and young
adult at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta. An analytic observational
cross sectional study was performed on 33 children and young adult with AD. The
severity of disease was determined by SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD).
Assessment of sensitization was performed using specific IgE serum, atopy patch
test, and prick test. Data were analyzed using chi-square or Fisher exact test
and prevalence ratio (PR) with significance value of p<0.05 and 95%
confidence interval (CI). The results showed that specific IgE positivity was
associated with severity of AD. Percentage of specific IgE positivity to house
dust mite was significantly higher in subject with moderate/severe AD compared
to those of mild AD (p=0.049; PR 1.13; 95% CI 1.01-1.59). The result was also similar
for cat dander (p=0.041; PR 1.1; 95% CI 1.09-4.98), cow’s milk (p=0.038; PR
1.21; 95% CI 1.02-2.2), and egg white (p=0.027; PR 1.23; 95% CI 1.15-2.97).
Whereas specific IgE positivity to fish allergen was not statistically
different in subject with moderate/severe AD compared to those with mild AD
(p=0.061; PR 0.8; 95% CI 0.76-2.8). According to atopy patch test and prick
test result, no association was found between allergen sensitization and
severity of AD. If all methods were combined to increase the sensitivity of
sensitization measurement, then the association was found for all allergens. It
could be concluded that environmental allergens sensitization is associated
with severity of AD in children and young adult at Dr. Sardjito General
Hospital, Yogyakarta.
Key words: atopic
dermatitis-disease severity-sensitization-aeroallergen-food allergen
Author: Herwinda Brahmanti,
Niken Trisnowati, Retno Danarti, Hardyanto Soebono
Journal Code: jpkedokterangg110225
