Pengaruh Abu Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Pada Transesterifikasi Minyak Kelapa Sawit Menjadi Biodiesel
ABSTRACT: Biodiesel conversion
from transesterification reaction palm oil with methanol was studied by using
an ash of palm empty bunch as a base catalyst. Atomic absorption spectroscopy
(AAS) and indicator titration analysis were used as tools for characterization of
ash sample. Chemical structure of biodiesel was analyzed by GC-MS. The effects
of ash sample weight (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 g) immersed in 75 mL methanol and
the methanol-palm oil mol ratio (3:1; 6:1; 9:1 and 12:1) toward the conversion
of biodiesel were investigated. Biodiesel was prepared by refluxing palm oil
and methanol containing ash sample. The reflux was done at room temperature for
2 h. Ester layer was distillated at 74 oC, extracted with aquadest and then
dried using Na2SO4 anhydrous. The product was characterized by GC-MS, ASTM D
1298 (specific gravity 60/60 °F), ASTM D 97 (pour point), ASTM D 2500 (cloud
point), ASTM D 93 (flash point), ASTM D 445 (kinematics viscosity 40 °C) and
ASTM D 482 (ash content). The result of GC-MS analysis showed that methyl
palmitate is primary content of biodiesel product. A 15 g weight of ash sample
gave the maximum biodiesel conversion. By increasing methanol mole quantity,
biodiesel conversion increased progressively and maximum at 9:1 methanol-palm
oil ratio (84.12 %) and decreased on 12:1 ratio (75.58 %). Most of the
biodiesel products were similar to those of the diesel physical characters.
Penulis: Johan Sibarani,
Syahrul Khairi, Yoeswono, Karna Wijaya, Iqmal Tahir
Kode Jurnal: jpkimiadd070101
