Hubungan antara Kecemasan dengan Kejadian Preeklampsia Di Kabupaten Banyumas Jawa Tengah
Abstrak: Preeclampsia or
eclampsia is a collection of symptoms that can occur in pregnant women, women
in labor, and in the puerperium phase, characterized by hypertension and
proteinuria. The condition is sometimes accompanied by convulsions to coma,
called eclampsia. The direct cause of maternal mortality rate (MMR) is bleeding
(30%), eclampsia (25%), parturition time (5%), abortion complications (8%), and
infections (12%). National maternal mortality rate in 2007 was 228/100.000 live
births. MMR in Central Java in 2008 was 114.42 / 100,000. Banyumas, one of
regencies in Central Java has the highest total fertility rate (2.31). MMR in
2009 was 41 cases due to cause’s preeclampsia/eclampsia, 9 cases (22%).
Methods: Case-control, located in Banyumas. Subjects in this study drawn
from the study population by accidental sampling; those are pregnant women who
were diagnosed as preeclampsia. The sample consisted of 276 pregnant women (138
cases and 138 controls). Measurement of risk factors (anxiety) used a
questionnaire T-MAS. Estimated magnitude of the risk factors determined by the
odds ratio (OR) stratified by previous test and multivariate analysis to
control the confounder.
Results: 59 (42.8%) experienced anxiety. The results of bivariate
analysis between the main variables of anxiety with the incidence of
preeclampsia in pregnant women shown OR=7.84; (CI=3.967-15.501); p<0.01.
Then, the results of bivariate analysis of external variables with
preeclampsia: a history of preeclampsia OR=19.24; (CI:2.524-146.246);
p<0.01, a history of descendants of preeclampsia OR=8.52
(CI=2.903-25.049);p<0.01, history of hypertension OR=12.50;
(CI=3.714-42.065); p<0.01, and the history of the ANC OR=3.00;
(CI=1.560-5.784); P<0.01. From the stratified analysis, a history of
hypertension is a confounder with the difference of OR=24.2%. There are an
interaction between anxiety and a history of preeclampsia, hypertension and
offspring with the incidence of preeclampsia. The results of multivariate
analysis of anxiety showed OR=11.36; (CI=5.400-23.902); p<0.01, a history of
preeclampsia OR=11.050; (CI=1.285-95.057); p=0.02, a history of descendants of
preeclampsia OR=8.46; (CI=2.636-27.200); p<0.01; history of hypertension
OR=10.50; (CI=2.834-38.958); p<0.01, and the history of the ANC: OR=2.75;
(CI=1.209-6.274), p=0.01. Equation model 3 can be accepted: Preeclampsia =
-1,958 + 2,430 (anxiety) + 2,402 (history of preeclampsia) + 2,136 (history of
descendants of preeclampsia) + 2,352 (history of hypertension) + 1,013 (history
of the ANC)
Conclusion: Anxiety associated with the occurrence of preeclampsia.
History of hypertension is a confounding variable. Furthermore, a history of
preeclampsia, hypertension and history of descendants of preeclampsia are the
giver of the effect of modification. In the multivariate analysis of main
variables and external variables related to the incidence of preeclampsia is
anxiety, a history of preeclampsia, history of descendants of preeclampsia, a
history of hypertension and history of the ANC.
Penulis: Adi Isworo, M.
Hakimi, Trisno Agung Wibowo
Kode Jurnal: jpkedokterandd120164
