Evaluasi Pelayanan Manajemen Terpadu Balita Sakit terhadap Kesembuhan Pneumonia pada Anak Balita
Abstrak: Infant and under-five
children mortality remains a major problem in Indonesia, especially caused by
infectious diseases such as pneumonia. Based on the 2002-2003 Indonesia’s
Demographic and Health Survey, infant and under-five mortality rates are 35 per
1000 live births and 46 per 1000 live births, respectively. Nationally, Health
Office has implemented Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) in
primary health centers (PHCs) since 1997 to improve the coverage of pneumonia
finding in under-five children. In 2005, infant mortality rate in Jambi
Province was still high, that is, 41 per 1000 live births while infant
mortality rate in Bungo District was 93 per 6108 live births 15,2%. Each year,
there are 9 babies and 1 under five child that die and for the average there is
one under five child (10%) who die because of pneumonia. In other words, there
are three under five children who die every year in primary health center due
to pneumonia. To avoid the death of infant and under five children, primary
health center should implement standard IMCI program, yet in field it has still
been facing obstacles and constraints.
Objective: To investigate the results of standard IMCI service toward the
recovery of under-five pneumonia in primary health centers of Bungo District in
2007.
Method: This was a prospective cohort study. Sampling technique was
purposive sampling. There were two groups in this study, namely case group
which was exposed with the standard IMCI service and group which was exposed
with non standard IMCI service. One hundred and twenty-four subjects were
under-five children 2 months-5 years of age presenting pneumonia with α = 0.05
and β = 20%. Data were analyzed with univariable, bivariable, and multivariable
analyses logistic regression and hypothesis test used was chi-square with
p<0.05, CI 95%.
Results: There was a significant relationship between the standard IMCI
service, the distance to the PHC and the mothers’ education and the recovery of
under-five pneumonia (OR=3.14 CI 95%=1.59-6.21 p=0.00; OR=1.68 CI 95%=1.09-2.57
p=0.00; OR=0.57 CI 95%=0.35-0.92 p=0.02, respectively). However, family income
had an insignificant relationship with under-five pneumonia.
Conclusion: The standard IMCI services have a greater chance toward the
recovery of under-five pneumonia compared to non standard IMCI services.
Penulis: Nurhayati Djaswadi
Dasuki, Tunjung Wibowo
Kode Jurnal: jpkedokterandd100177
