Konsumsi fast food dan soft drink sebagai faktor risiko obesitas pada remaja
Abstract: Recently, obesity
has become health problem which was frequently associated with an increased
occurrence of non-communicable diseases. The prevalence of obesity has been
increasing in both developed and developing countries. The increasing
prevalence of obesity was marked by a shift in eating pattern composition
containing high fat, cholesterol, but low in fiber such as consumption of fast
food and soft drinks. The imbalance of nutrient intake was one of the risk
factors for the emergence of obesity in adolescents. Obesity in adolescents at
risk of becoming obese in adulthood and potentially can lead to cardiovascular
and metabolic diseases
Objective: This study aimed to find out the prevalence of obesity and to
investigate risk factors for energy intake and frequency of consumption of fast
food and soft drinks on the incidence of obesity in high school students in
Pontianak.
Method: This research was an observational study which involves case-control
design. The samples in this study are 160 students consisting of 80 obese high
school teenagers and 80 non-obese high school teenagers. The choice for a
subject of research used proportional stratified random sampling. Measurement
of obesity status subject was taken by the measurement of weight and height
based on the reference standard WHO / NCHS. It also involves data intake of
fast food and soft drinks based on interviews with SQFFQ. Data were analyzed by
chi-square test, t-test, and logistic regression.
Results: The prevalence of obesity in high school teenagers in Pontianak
was 9.29%. The bivariate test result showed no association between total
energy intake of fast food and obesity (p<0.05; OR=2.27; 95% CI:
1.12-4.64). The relationship between the consumption of modern energy intake of
fast food, fast food and soft drink with the local obesity was not
statistically significant (p>0.05). There was a relationship between the
frequency of total fast food and of the
local fast food consumption with obesity (p<0.05; OR=2.03; 95% CI:
1.03-4.00), (p<0.05; OR=2.63; 95% CI: 1.33-5.25). The relationship between
the frequency of fast food consumption in total modern fast food and soft
drinks and obesity was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Multivariable
analysis showed that the total energy intake was the most dominant factor to
the onset of obesity (p<0.05; OR=5.27; 95% CI: 1.64-16.97).
Conclusion: Consumption of fast food was a risk factor for obesity in
high school teenagers in Pontianak. On the other hand, soft drink consumption did not become the
risk factor for obesity in teens high school in Pontianak.
Keywords: fast food; obesity;
soft drink
Penulis: Ayu Rafiony
Kode Jurnal: jpkesmasdd150772
