Polimorfisme gen ferroportin (FPN1) -1355 G/C sebagai faktor risiko anemia defisiensi besi pada ibu hamil
Abstract: According to WHO
data, prevalence of anemia pregnancy in Indonesia is 44.3%, it’s higher than
world prevalence (41.8%). Ferroportin (FPN1) is one of important iron exsporter
for iron absorption, release, and recycle inside the body. The varian of
FPN1-1355 G/C in promoter region, leads to increased of ferroportin expression
and iron export, increased cellular iron needs, overexpression of soluble
transferrin receptor (sTfR), decrease hemoglobin (Hb) and erythrocyte indices
that manifest to iron deficiency anemia (IDA).
Objective: This research will study the frequency of FPN1-1355 G/C
polymorphism as a risk factor of IDA in pregnant women in Indonesia.
Method: The research design was a case and control study. Blood samples
were taken from 26 pregnant women with anemia and 48 pregnant women without
anemia. FPN1-1355G/C polymorphism were determined using PCR-RFLP method. sTfR
and ferritin level were measured with ELISA. Hemoglobin, erythrocyte indices,
and sTfR level were compared among genotype group, then statistically analyzed
using independent sample t-test and one way ANOVA. Bivariat analysis of Pearson
test was conducted to analyze correlation between level of blood Hb and
ferritin in pregnant women (p<0.05).
Results: FPN1-1355 G/C polymorphism with frequency in pregnant women with
IDA and in pregnant women with anemia non IDA were 100% and 95.2%, respectively
(p=0.710; OR=1.600; 95%CI: 0.296-8.653). The mean of Hb level and erythrocyte
indices in subjects carrying C allele were lower than subjects carrying only G
allele although Hb level is not significantly different (p>0.05). The sTfR
and hepcidin level in subjects carrying C allele were higher than subjects
carrying only G allele (p<0.05).
Conclusion: In this study the FPN1 gene promoter -1355 G/C polymorphism
was not a risk factor for anemia, but it was a risk factor for iron deficiency
anemia in pregnant women.
Keywords: polymorphism of
ferroportin (FPN1) -1355 G/C; iron deficiency anemia (IDA); soluble transferin
receptor (sTfR); ferritin
Penulis: Nor Istiqomah
Kode Jurnal: jpkesmasdd130676