The effect of cyanotic and acyanotic congenital heart disease on children’s growth velocity
Abstract: Congenital heart
disease (CHD) can lead to failure to thrive. Decreased energy intake,
malabsorption, increased energy requirements, and decreased growth factors
(growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1 axis) are related to malnutrition
and growth retardation in children with CHD.
Objective Tocompare the impact of cyanotic and acyanotic CHD on
children’s growth velocity (using the 2009 WHO growth velocity chart).
Methods This study was conducted in patients less than 24 months of age
with CHD in the Pediatric Cardiology Specialist Unit Dr. Moewardi Hospital,
Surakarta, Central Java, from December 2016 to February 2017. Subjects’ weights
were evaluated at the beginning of the study and two months later. Data were
compared to the WHO Growth Velocity chart and analyzed by Chi-square test.
Results Of 46 patients with CHD (23 cyanotic, 23 acyanotic), 10 patients
(21.7%) were identified with failure to thrive, i.e., < 5th percentile.
Significantly more children with acyanotic CHD were in the >5th percentile
for growth velocity than were children with cyanotic CHD (OR 5.600; 95%CI 1.038
to 30.204; P=0.032). Acute upper respiratory tract infection was not
significantly associated with growth velocity (OR 2.273; 95%CI 0.545 to 9.479;
P=0.253).
Conclusion Children with cyanotic CHD have 5.6 times higher risk of
failure to thrive than children with acyanotic CHD.
Keywords: congenital heart
disease; growth velocity; failure to thrive
Author: Dewi Awaliyah Ulfah,
Endang Dewi Lestari, Harsono Salimo, Sri Lilijanti Widjaya, Bagus Artiko
Journal Code: jpkedokterangg170178
