Sensitivity of Total Protein Creatinine Ratio in Urine for Diagnosis Diabetic Nephropathy
ABSTRACT: Diabetic nephropathy
is one of diabetic complication characterized by proteinuria and impaired renal
function. Confirmation of diagnosis based either on urine value of albumin
excretion rate (AER) 30-300 mg/24 hours or albumin creatinine ratio (ACR)
30-300 mg/g or total protein creatinine ratio (TPCR) 150-500 mg/g. It is
reported that TPCR measurement is more acceptable since it is convenient, fast
and does not require special preparation. The aim of this study is to
investigate the accuracy of TPCR for diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy among
type 2 diabetic patients.This was a diagnostic test study which involves 86
type 2 diabetic patients where urine TPCR value equal or more than 150mg/g was
independently and blindly compared with AER as a refference standard to
diagnose diabetic nephopathy. The inclusion criteria were type 2 diabetic
patients that suspected suffer from diabetic nephropathy (long of illness is
more than 4 years) and agree to participate in this study. Those whom were
suffer from at least on of the following diseases urinary tract infection,
congestive heart failure, liver dysfunction, pregnancy, multiple myeloma,
microangiopathy hemolytic anemia (MAHA) and incomplete data were excluded from
the study. The results of the study were analyzed using 2x2 table in order to
calculate sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative
predictive value (NPV), likelihood ratio for positive test
result/LR(+),likelihood ratio for negative test result/LR(-),and accuracy. The
average of TPCR among diabetic nephropathy patient was 248.07 mg/g. It was
significantly higher as compared to those non diabetic nephropathy patient
(103.52 mg/g). It was found 75 true positive result, 9 true negative result,
and 2 false positive result. The result showed that TPCR had a sensitivity,
specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 97.4%,
100%, 100%, and 81,8% respectively to diagnose diabetic nephropathy.Total Protein
Creatinine Ratio (TPCR) with value equal or more than 150 mg/g in the morning
sample urine can be used to diagnose diabetic nephropathy.
Keywords: diabetic
nephropathy, total protein creatinine ratio, sensitivity, albumin excretion
rate, diagnostic test study
Author: Fatrinawati
Journal Code: jpkedokterangg170298
