Prevalence and Distribution of Thalassemia Trait Screening
Abstract: Thalassemia is an
inherited disorder of autosomal recessive gene caused by decrease or absent
production of one or two type of globin chain. This disorder will affect the
quality and quantity of blood production. In Indonesia, thalassemia is not
concerned as urgency, although it lies in thalassemia belt area. Thalassemia is
classified according to the particular globin chain which affected such as
α-thalassemia and β-thalassemia. Besides thalassemia, there are variant
hemoglobinopathy called HbE. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence
of thalassemia carriers among the volunteer of screening in province DI
Yogyakarta from 2012 until 2015. The thalassemia carrier screening was
conducted by collaborating with Indonesian Association of Parents of Children
with Thalassemia (POPTI) Yogyakarta. The hematological measurement and
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) were performed on Prodia
Laboratory Yogyakarta. The analysis of carriers prevalence was conducted in
Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah
Mada. From 241 volunteers, we found 44 volunteers was diagnosed as
β-thalassemia carrier, 30 volunteers as α-thalassemia carrier as well as HbE
disorder carrier, and 1 volunteer was diagnosed as α-β-thalassemia carrier. The
number of thalassemia carrier shows no significant difference each year. The
prevalence of thalassemia carrier was high, even though the distribution is
limited by the location where the screening took place.
Keywords: Thalassemia trait
screening - α-thalassemia - β-thalassemia – HbE – HPLC
Author: Nailil Husna
Journal Code: jpkedokterangg170312
