POTENCY OF XANTHONE DERIVATIVES AS ANTIBACTERIAL AGENT AGAINST METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS (MRSA)
Abstract: Antibiotic
resistance is increasing worldwide and becoming a serious problem for the
treatment of patients and also affecting their economy. One instance of
bacteria that is resistant to the antibiotic is Methicillin- Resistant
Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). MRSA infections are fatal and even deadly. Some
MRSA strain has shown resistance towards currently available antibacterial agents.
To overcome this, we need new compound alternatives. One of the compounds
currently being developed is xanthone derivatives. Xanthones can be found in
many kinds of plants, including Garcinia mangostana , in which the active
compounds are mangostanin and α-mangostin. Xanthones is effective against
several types of Grampositive and Gram-negative bacterias, including
Staphylococcus species. Some studies have shown that xanthone derivatives are
effective against Staphylococcus aureus, including MRSA. One of the proposed
mechanisms of xanthone’s antibacterial activity is the involvement of the
bacteria’s cytoplasmic membrane. Xanthone amphiphilic compounds are capable of
disrupting bacterial membrane through a mechanism called interfacial activity
models. Xanthone can also act as the antioxidant and by inducing the release of
lipoteichoic acid (LTA) from the cell wall of MRSA. LTA is the main constituent
of the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria, which are covalently bonded to the
outside of peptidoglycan. This structure is important for cell division and
bacterial osmotic protection. Thus, it is believed that the mechanism of action
of xanthones involved damaging bacterial cell membrane.
Keywords: Xanthone
Antibacterial effect Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Bacteria’s cell membrane damage
Author: Isnatin Miladiyah
Journal Code: jpkedokterangg170275
