Hormonal contraception increases risk of breast tumor based on clinical breast examination among adult women
Abstract: In Indonesia, cancer
prevalence according to the Basic Health Research 2013 was 1.4 per 1000 inhabitants
and the most common cancer in hospitalized patients in 2010 was breast cancer
(28.7%). Hormonal contraception (HC) use increases the breast cancer risk, even
though HC has been used by 210 million women in the world. We aimed to define
the association of HC with breast tumors based on clinical breast examination
(CBE).
Methods
A case-control design using secondary data from the baseline of the
Cohort Study on the Risk Factors of Non-Communicable Disease (RFNCD) in
2011-2012 in 5 villages in Central Bogor District, Bogor City. Samples
consisted of 152 cases and 152 controls. Cases comprised palpable tumors in one
or both breasts CBE (+). Controls had no tumors in both breasts /CBE(-). Data
were analyzed by logistic regression.
Results
Odds Ratio (OR) of CBE + was 1.83 (95% CI: 1.11-3.04; p=0.019) for HC
user and 1.62 (95% CI: 1.01-2.60; p=0.044) for blood total cholesterol level
<200 mg/dL. OR of group CBE(+) was 1.01 (current smoking) and 0.49 (former
smoking) compared with nonsmoking (p=0.082); OR was also 1.21 for subjects with
one child and 1.77 for those without children, compared with those who had ³2
children (p=0.454).
Conclusion
Hormonal contraception use increases breast tumor risk 1.8-fold after
controlling for total cholesterol, smoking status and parity. With the several
limitations of this advanced analysis, investigations focused on types and
duration of HC use are still necessary.
Keywords: Hormonal
contraceptionl breast tumor; adult women
Author: Sulistyowati Tuminah
Darjoko, Aprildah Nur Sapardin
Journal Code: jpkedokterangg170047
