Factors Related to Malnutrition in Children Under Five Years with Congenital Heart Disease
Abstract: Congenital heart
disease (CHD) is the most frequent type of heart disease that occurs in
children. Children with CHD are more vulnerable to suffer impaired nutritional
status related to morbidity and mortality. The nutritional status, however, may
not be influenced only by CHD, but also by other factors.. The study was
conducted to identify factors related to malnutrition in children with CHD
Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 86 children with CHD
recruited from Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung from October to
November 2015. Data collected in this study were obtained by conducting
anthropometric measurements, interviewed the parents (obstetric history,
patient’s medical history and socioeonomic status) and from medical records
(the type and time of CHD diagnosis, other diseases that accompanied the CHD).
The collected data were presented by frequency distribution.
Results: There were 46.5% patients
who had nutritional disturbance. Malnutrition in males and patients with
Tetralogy of Fallot were higher than other groups. Almost half patients with
maternal history of passive smoking during pregnancy had nutritional
disturbance. The most common disease found was diarrhea followed by lower
respiratory infection. Percentage of normal children in low-income parents
group was lower than the high-income group.
Conclusions: Nearly half of patients have nutritional disturbance. Percentage
of nutritional disturbance in male was higher compared to female. Active and
passive smokers, Tetralogi Fallot, diarrhea, lower respiratory infection and
lower income were factors contributed to
malnutrition.
Keywords: Children, congenital
heart disease, nutritional status
Author: Amani Sakinah Augiani,
Sri Endah Rahayuningsih, Dewi Marhaeni Diah Herawati
Journal Code: jpkedokterangg170064
