Drug Allergy Clinical Characteristics in Pediatrics
Abstract: A drug allergy
causes a morbidity and a mortality due to its various range of clinical
manifestation. Unfortunately, a study
focusing in pediatric drug allergy is insufficient, especially in
Bandung. Thus, this study is conducted to determine the clinical characteristic
of pediatric drug allergy in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung.
Methods: This study was a retrospective descriptive study using medical
records of pediatric drug allergy patients between 2010–2015 in Dr. Hasan
Sadikin General Hospital Bandung taken with total sampling method. The
variables were patient age, gender, causative drug, and clinical manifestation.
Clinical manifestation was then divided into exanthem, urticaria, erythema
multiforme, Steven-Johnson’s syndrome/toxic epidemiolytic necrosis (SJS/TEN),
and fixed drug eruption (FDE).
Results: Out of 101 patients, only 71 were included in the study due to
incomplete medical records of the rest. There were 34 (47.89%) males and 37
(52.11%) females. Patients’ age ranged from 1–18 years old with the mean of 7.4
years old. The most common clinical manifestation was SJS/TEN with 25 (35.21%)
patients, followed by exanthem with 22 (30.98%) patients. The most common
suspected causative drug was non-steriodal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAID)
(24%), followed with penicillin (21%).
Conclusions: Most common manifestation of pediatric drug allergy in
female is SJS/TEN, meanwhile in male is exanthema. Steven-Johnson’s
syndrome/toxic epidemiolytic necrosis mostly occurs at the age group of 12–18
years old, and exanthema at the age group of 0–3 years old. This condition is
mostly caused by NSAID and penicillin.
Keywords: Clinical
manifestation, drug allergy, pediatric
Author: R. Devina Fathia Almira,
Gartika Sapartini, Vycke Yunivita Kusumah Dewi
Journal Code: jpkedokterangg170137
