A Study of Hypoalbuminemia and Pleural Effusionin Pediatric Nephrotic Syndrome
Abstract: Nephrotic syndrome
(NS) is a kidney disease that is most often found in children. Hypoalbuminemia
in NS can cause a decrease in oncotic pressure causing extravasation of fluid
into the interstitial space. In conditions of severe hypoalbuminemia, fluid
extravasation may cause occurrence of pleural effusion. The objectives of this
study was to analyze the correlation between hypoalbuminemia and pleural
effusion in children with NS.
Methods: An analytical study was conducted on 69 medical records of
pediatric nephrotic syndrome from 1 January 2008–31 December 2013 in dr. Hasan
Sadikin General Hospital. Inclusion criteria were pediatric patients between
1-14 years old with NS. Exclusion criteria were patients who already had albumin
transfusion, malnutrition, patients with chronic disease, and incomplete
medical record information. Contingency coefficient test was carried out to
discover the correlation between variables.
Results: Out of 89 samples, 69 samples were included. Characteristics of
the included patients are male (n=48), female (n=21), age 1–5 (n=24), 6–10
(n=22), 11–14 (n=23), mild hypoalbuminemia (n=3), moderate hypoalbuminemia
(n=27), severe hypoalbuminemia (n=39), patients with pleural effusion (n=23),
and non-pleural effusion (n=46). There was a significant correlation
between hypoalbuminemia and pleural
effusion with p=0.000 (p<0.05) and moderate correlation (r=0.437).
Conclusions: Hypoalbuminemia has correlation with pleural effusion in
pediatric nephrotic syndrome.
Keywords: Hypoalbuminemia,
pediatric nephrotic syndrome, pleural effusion
Author: Tovan Perinandika,
Dedi Rachmadi, Fenny Dwiyatnaningrum
Journal Code: jpkedokterangg170115
