STOCK ENHANCEMENT IN INDONESIAN LAKE AND RESERVOIRS FISHERIES
Abstract: A total water
surface area of lakes and reservoirs of Indonesia is 2.3 million hectares. To
increase fish production in Indonesian lakes and reservoirs, fish stock
enhancement were practiced. A review on fish stock enhancement in Indonesian
lakes and reservoirs was conducted. Some species used in stock enhancement were
reviewed, and the causes of program success or failure were analyzed in an
attempt to determine the best approach for future stocking. Since 2000 the
success of the project on fish stock enhancement were supported by basic
research on diet, ecological niche, life cycle and behavior of the species
stocked. Recent successes in fish stock enhancement are mainly determined by
species which can be reproduced naturally in the water bodies. Nile tilapia
(Oreochromis niloticus), Siamese cat fish (Pangasionodon hypophthalmus) and
small carp (bilih, Mystacoleucus padangensis), an endemic species are the
species have best performances in the increasing fish production significantly.
Milk fish (Chanos chanos) stock enhancement can be used to mitigate the
negative impact of cage culture in the reservoir. While grass carp
(Ctenopharyngodon idellus) has been successful in controlling aquatic weed,
Eichhornia crassipes in some lakes. Management of fish stock enhancement
including providing quality and quantity of seeds, regulating of fish catch,
developin g of market system, institution and fisheries co-management have
supported a steady yearly increase in yield. The governments should take the
initiative in protection of genetic diversity, especially in stock enhancement
of lakes inhabited by endemic and or threatened species, such as lakes in
Sulawesi and Papua Island.
Keywords: Stock enhancement;
management; fisheries; lake; reservoir; Indonesia
Author: Endi Setiadi
Kartamihardja
Journal Code: jpperikanangg120053
