MARICULTURE DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA: Prospects and Constraints
ABSTRACT: Mariculture is an
important component of Indonesian fisheries and aquaculture production,
directly contributing an estimated US$ 320 million in 2008. Because most
mariculture production is focussed on producing for export markets, maricultureproduction
is an important source of foreign earnings for the Indonesian economy. This
paper reviews the current status and prospects for continuing development ofmariculture
in Indonesia. Currently the major mariculture commodity in Indonesia isseaweed
for carrageenan production. Seaweed production accounts for 98% of total Indonesian
mariculture production and 84% of value. The other major commoditygroups are
marine finfish and pearl oysters. Commodities being developed formariculture in
Indonesia include abalone and spiny lobsters. Prospects for continueddevelopment
of mariculture in Indonesia appear positive. Indonesia has several advantages
for mariculture development, including many potential mariculture sites, a
stable tropical climate, and does not suffer from cyclonic storms. The
Government of Indonesia is planning to increase aquaculture production
substantially over the next four years, including mariculture production.
Globally, demand for seafood products is expanding due to increasing population
and increased per capitaconsumption of fish products. Constraints to the
continued development of mariculture in Indonesia include: limited seed supply,
particularly of species which cannot be economically produced in hatcheries,
such as spiny lobsters; need to develop more efficient production systems for
some marine finfish; the need to improve environmental sustainability by
improving feeds and reducing environmentalimpacts; and market issues relating
to environmental sustainability.
KEYWORDS: mariculture
development, culture system, sustainability
Author: Michael A. Rimmer
Journal Code: pperikanangg100028
