PERKEMBANGAN MORFOLOGI DAN SIFAT FISIK BUAH PADA TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
Abstract: This study aims to determine
the change pattern of morphological
and physical traits of palm oil
fruitsduring the fruit development until the time to harvest. This researchhas
been conducted at PT. Panca Surya Garden’s Research Farm located in Kubang
Raya, Kampar and Plant Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture,
University of Riau Pekanbaru from February to August 2016.Sixty fruit bunchs
which antheses at the same day were selected at random from 7 years old oil
palm trees. The fruit bunches were hand pollinated at 18 March 2016 and each
was covered by pollination bag. Beginningat 30 to 120 days after pollination
(DAP), 3 fruits bunches were harvested at 15 day interval. Then from 125 DAP to
185 DAP the fruit bunch were harvested every 5 days interval. The change of morphological
and physical traits were observed such as fresh bunch weight, fresh fruit
weight per bunch, mesocarp thickness, fruit diameter, fruit volume andfruit
moisture content, and fruit color. Showed that the increase of bunch weight,
fresh fruit weight per bunch, fresh fruit weight occurred at the same pattern.
Fruit fresh weight and dry weight increase steadily from 30 DAP and reached the maximum values at about 170
DAP, then decreased slightly until 185 DAP. The fruit water content increased
slowly from 30 to 45 DAP, then decreased progressively untul 150 DAP and
finally decreased very rapidly from 150
to 180 DAP. Fruit color changed from dark purple to red purple and finally at
harvest the color change to yellow red.
Penulis: Mulyadi, Aslim
Rasyad, Isnaini
Kode Jurnal: jppertaniandd170363
