EKSKLUSI SOSIAL: PERSPEKTIF BARU UNTUK MEMAHAMI DEPRIVASI DAN KEMISKINAN
ABSTRACT: This article is a
brief account on the introduction and development of the concept of social
exclusion in the intellectual discourse and national policy, primarily in the
western countries. The concept, which is multidimensional in nature, is a new
paradigm that seeks to explain deprivation and poverty in the light of
asymmetric relations between the exclusive groups who command a variety of
resources and the ones who are made disadvantageous. The concept, first
introduced in France in 1974 to explain the erosion of solidarity among the
French society, has sinced been adopted in many western countries and
developing countries alike, to explain the causes social discontents of the
excluded. Despite its relatively successful application as policy guidelines to
minimize deprivation in many European countries, the concept has not yet been
widely known in Indonesia. While, many forms of social exclusion have been part
of social and cultural life in the archipelago since the historical past, in
fact, the concept of social exclusion as a scientific approach has not been
instrumental in explaining factors leading to the disadvantages and
impoverishment of the deprivative groups. While another concept, social
capital, has entered intellectual discourse since many years and has been used
by many international assistance agencies as an approach in their development
programs and projects, only a limited number of scientific papers on social
exclusion have been found to address this issue.
Penulis: Rusdi Syahra
Kode Jurnal: jpantropologidd100027
