Impact of pregnancy-induced hypertension on fetal growth
Abstract: Pregnancy-induced
hypertension (PIH) is still a major cause of maternal and infant morbidity and
mortality worldwide. The aim of this study to investigate the impact of PIH on
fetal growth.
Methods: A longitudinal cross-sectional study was conducted by 2,076 obstetric
patients registered in the book of delivery emergency room BLUD RSUD Ende/ Ende
hospital from September 1st 2014 to August 31st 2015. Pregnancy-induced
hypertension was classified into gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and
severe preeclampsia. Categorical comparative chi-square continued by logistic
regression analysis were performed to examine the effect of PIH to infants’
growth outcome.
Results: Women with preeclampsia had higher number of preterm delivery
(26.7%). Infants born from preeclamptic women had lower birth weight (median
2,575 gram; p<0.001), birth length (median 49 cm; p<0.001), and also head
circumference (median 32 cm; p<0.001). Severe preeclampsia contributed
statistically significance to SGA (OR=1.90; 95% CI=1.20-3.01; adjusted OR=1.91;
95% CI=1.20-3.01) and LGA (OR=2.70; 95% CI=1.00-7.29; adjusted OR=2.92; 95%
CI=1.07-8.00). Based on birth weight independent of gestational age, severe
preeclampsia had an impact to VLBW (OR=11.45; 95% CI=2.77-47.38; adjusted
OR=8.68; 95% CI=1.57-48.04) and LBW (OR=6.57; 95% CI=4.01-10.79; adjusted
OR=5.71; 95% CI=3.33-9.78) where it showed statistical significance.
Conclusion: PIH women who had SGA or VLBL or LBW infants were caused by
the hypoperfusion model as the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Meanwhile, LGA
infants born by preeclamptic women were due to the compensation of the decrease
from uteroplacental perfusion or other diseases such as obese mother or
gestational.diabetes mellitus.
Author: Rima Irwinda, Raymond
Surya, Lidia F. Nembo
Journal Code: jpkedokterangg160151
