Kualitas Perairan di Selat Makassar Ditinjau dari Aspek Bakteriologi
Abstrak: Makassar strait is
one of the important and strategic straits in Indonesia as it constitutes
interislands and international sealanes. Its water condition is under the
influence of both Kalimantan and Sulawesi islands, so that the dynamics in the
region of marine and coastal environment becomes more complex. A study on water
quality of bacteriological points of view in Makassar strait was conducted in
October 2003. Seawater and sediment samples were collected by using the
Research Vessel Baruna Jaya VIII at 16 stations. The aims of this study is to
find out the water quality based on the contents of coliform bcteria and
pathogenic bacteria Salmonella and Vibrio. The analysis of coliform bacteria
was conducted by using membrane filter technique, while the pathogenic bacteria
Salmonella and Vibrio were cultivated in the specific media Selenith broth and
TCBS agar. The results showed that coliform bacteria at the surface layers
depth varied from 80– 824 CFU/100mL with an average of 245 CFU/100mL, while
those at the middle layer varied from 0–60 CFU/100mL with an average of 23
CFU/100mL. Seven pathogenic bacteria were isolated from seawater sample, i.e.
Citrobacter spp., Edwardsiella spp., Proteus spp., Pseudomonas spp.,
Providencia spp., Shigella spp. and Vibrio spp, while eight pathogenic bacteria
were obtained at sediment sample, i.e. Aeromonas spp., Citrobacter spp.,
Proteus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Providencia spp., Shigella spp., Yersenia spp.
and Vibrio spp. These results indicated that coliform bacteria content in
Makassar strait is under the threshold of Indonesian standard, i.e. Ministry
Decree of Environment No: 51, 2004. Vibrio spp. was the pathogenic bacteria
found both from seawater and sediment samples. In general, however, pathogenic
bacteria was dominated by low pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, it can be
concluded that from bacteriological point of view, water quality of Makassar
strait is still relatively good.
Penulis: Djoko Hadi Kunarso
Kode Jurnal: jpbiologidd110267
