PATRON-CLIENT RELATIONSHIP PADA MASYARAKAT MADURA
Abstract: This article traces
patron-client relationship of Madurese both from socio-historical point of view
and its contemporary progress. As an imbalance social-exchange relationship, in
terms of patronclient relationship, second side (client) much highly depends
upon the first side (patron). This hadbeen experienced in Madurese social
history during the native governmental period of time. The government was
classified into two major classes; ruler class (patron) and farmer class
(client). The former is fully in authority to take control either economic or
politic potencies, however, the later transacts labors to the first side. Both
side is connected by a bribe (upeti) systems—percaton, apanage and daleman. In
current progress this relationship becomes more acquaintance, it covers economic
and politic relationship. The success of Trunojoyo, the king of Sumenep's
inherit, against the Mataram domination had been supported by Madurese people
that had previously tightened to the system. Today, patron-client relationship
in Madura is reflected in the relationship between the head of village, as the
owner of percaton, and the staff as well as people, as the percaton manager.
The other is well-described in the relationship of ship owner and pandega (fisher)
in fishing. Once the relationship is set up, it directs to diadik relation, a
two in one relation which is more personal and long lasting one.
Kata-kata kunci: Patron-klien,
percaton, apanage, panembahan, rakyat, daleman, kepala desa, juragan, pandega,
dan diadik
Penulis: Moh. Hefni
Kode Jurnal: jpperadabanislamdd090085
