EFFECT OF FLOW DISCHARGE AND SHAFT SLOPE OF ARCHIMIDES (SCREW) TURBIN ON THE MICRO-HYDRO POWER PLANT
ABSTRACT: A renewable energy
source for mini / micro hydro usually exploits the potential energy of water
flow that have certain head and the specific discharge which is converted into
electrical energy through a turbine and generator. However, in many rivers, the
average of water resource potential has a large discharge and low head. Thus,
the development of a low head turbine or a very low head is very suitable to be
developed in Indonesia. Screw turbine
uses low head and high flow rate of water to generate torque and rotation as
mechanic energy. Screw turbine has many advantages such as simple in
construction and installation, low cost in operating and maintenance, and
fish-friendly. The influencing parameters to mechanics performance of screw
turbine are pitch distance, water
discharge and the shaft slope. The objective of this research is to
investigate the effect of shaft slope angle and discharge variations to
mechanics performance of a 2-blades screw turbine in laboratory scale. A model
used in the research was a 2-blades screw turbine, pitch (distance of a screw
wave) is 1.6 Ro, external radius (Ro) is 0.1419 m, and internal radius (Ri) is 0.0762 m. The screw turbine was
tested in Hydraulic Laboratory of the Vocational School of Civil Engineering,
Gadjah Mada University, with various average discharges of water was about
0.00364 m3/s to 0.00684 m3/s, and the angle of turbine shaft slope was from
25°to50°. The result of the testing showed that the discharge and turbine shaft
slope affected the turbine power and efficiency. The highest turbine power and
efficiency were produced at average discharge was 0.00684 m3/s. The optimum
screw turbine shaft slope was 35o, indicated by the output power of screw turbine
of 16.231 watt and the efficiency of 61.61%.
Author: Bambang Yulistiyanto,
Yul Hizhar, and Lisdiyanti
Journal Code: jptsipilgg120014
