PRODUKTIVITAS DAN KUALITAS BUAH MANGGIS (Garcinia manggostana L.) DI PURWAKARTA
Abstrak: Indonesian mangosteen
is prospective product to be exported to Europe, Middle East, East Asia such
asTaiwan,Hong Kong,Singapore, andJapan. Indonesian exported commodities
increase significantly from year to year, but the increasing volume was not
followed by improvement in production and quality of the fruit. Mangosteen has symmetrical branches which
form dense canopy that protect sun radiation intensity to penetrate, and it
keeps the radiation intensity remain below normal of its need. Most of
harvested mangosteen plants owned by the community were not managed properly.
It cause the production and quality of the fruit below standard. The research
aims at : (1) knowing the position of
the buds and fruit at various branch within the canopy, (2) collecting
information about distribution of production and quality of the fruit.
The research was done on September 2003 to May 2004 at the center of
mangosteen fruit production inWest Java, i.e. Sub district of Wanayasa,
District of Purwakarta. The research was
done on randomized complete block design which consist of nine sectors of
branches with seven replications. The nine sectors are : sector 1 (inner bottom
canopy), sector 2 (center bottom canopy), sector 3 (outer bottom canopy),
sector 4 (inner middle canopy), sector 5 (center middle canopy), sector 6
(outer middle canopy), sector 7 (inner top canopy), sector 8 (center top
canopy), sector 9 (outer top canopy). The result of research showed that the
most frequent emergence of bud and fruit in Wanayasa was found on sector 3
(outer bottom canopy), sector 4 (inner middle canopy) and sector 5 (center
middle canopy). Sector 6 (outer middle canopy), produce more vegetative
branches. Dense canopy structure of upper branches has protect inner and bottom
canopy from light availability. At average, the quality of the fruit are below
standard. In Wanayasa, only 0.6-0.7% of the fruit meet the quality of Super SNI
which produced especially on sector 4 and sector 5. At average, distribution of
quality I was about 8.8-18.2%;
distribution of quality II was about 7.7-36.4%; and more than 50% of the
production do not meet the quality standards.
Penulis: Eko Setiawan, Roedhy
Poerwanto
Kode Jurnal: jppertaniandd080081
