KINETIKA REAKSI ESTERIFIKASI MINYAK BIJI KAPUK PADA PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL
Abstract: Biodiesel is one of
the best solutions to overcomethe reduction of oil reserves by utilizing plant
oils are converted into fuel.Kapok seed is one of the potential sources of raw
materials that can be taken to be used as biodiesel. For the manufacture of
biodiesel on a large scale is necessary to design the reactor, the reactor
needs to design the data of reaction kinetics.
This reaserch was conducted to determine the rate of reaction of
biodiesel production. The process was by
making kapok seed oil and analyzed the content of FFA, if FFA <2 then the
esterification process is done.150 ml oil inserted in three neck flask and
heated to temperature of 50 °C with water bath.While waiting for heating, 57 ml
of techinical methanol 96 % was mixed with 1.25 grams KOH p.a and stirred for
60 minutes, then either mixing the solution with the oil heated with a water
bath. The reaction temperature was maintained
at 50oC with stirring speed of 600 rpm for 60 minutes. Inserting the
solution into a separator funnel and left for 24 hours to form 2
layers.Separating the two layers.The top layer wasbiodiesel and the bottom
layer was glycerol.Repeating step by step above with the variation of time 60, 75, 90, 105 and 120 minutes. For reaction
temperature variable, the process carried out at temperatures 40 °C, 50 °C, 70
°C and 90 °C.
The results of this reaserch were the water content of kapok seed is 4,07
% and FFA valuewas 4,8 % after lowered 1,56 %.Transesterification reaction
conditions of oil and methanol mole ratio of 1 : 3, with the stirrer rotation
speed of 600 rpm for 105 minutes and the reaction temperature of 90 °C gave the
conversion of 0.916 mol (%).Transesterification reaction of kapok seed oil into
biodiesel follows the first order reaction.The results of the analysis of
biodiesel and the heat test, may indicate that it meets the criteria specified
in the benchmark Indonesian Biodiesel Quality Standards (RSNI EB 020 551).
Penulis: Siti Salamah
Kode Jurnal: jpkimiadd140089
