Hubungan Praktek Personal Hygiene Ibu dan Kondisi Sanitasi Lingkungan Rumah dengan Kejadian Diare pada Balita di Puskesmas Kampung Dalam Kecamatan Pontianak Timur
Abstract: Diarrhea has been
one of severe health problems in Indonesia. A survey on household health, SKRT (2004)
reported that diarrhea was the second ranked disease that caused death of under
five year-old infants, and the third ranked of the overall ages. In Kalimantan
Barat, diarrhea becomes the third most dangerous disease, behind dengue and
tuberculosis, to cause fatalities with the Incidence Rate of 10%. Data from the
Health Office of Pontianak showed 8,374 diarrhea incidences in six districts.
The frequent cases were found in Pontianak Timur Regency with 1,430 incidences.
Data obtained from the Kampung Dalam Public Health Center, which is situated in
Pontianak Timur District, showed the highest rate of diarrhea incidence in the
regency with 480 cases with prevalence rate of 33.6% (368 of them suffered by
under the five year-old infants).
Methode: This research aimed to find out the relationship of maternal
personal hygiene and housing environmental sanitation to diarrhea in under five
year-old infants at the Public Health Center of Kampung Dalam. The research was
performed by cross-sectional design, using 1,125 mothers with 12-59 month-old
infants who lived in the service area of Kampung Dalam Public Health Center as
population, resulting in 89 samples by a proportional random sampling method.
These data were then subject to bivariate Chi-square test and multivariate
logistic regression test.
Result: The overall results showed that the diarrhea incidences were
suffered by 50 (56.2%) under five year-old infants. Most respondents had poor
personal hygienic practices, as the bivariate analysis show the relationship between
washing hands with soap before eating (p = 0.002; RP = 1.853), washing hands
with soap after going to restroom (p = 0.020; RP = 1.690), and good practices
in food management (p = 0.0001; RP = 3.467) on diarrhea. The environmental
conditions relating to diarrhea consisted of restroom availability (p = 0.014;
RP = 2.72), SPAL (p = 0.025; RP = 4.84), and water quality (p = 0.014; RP =
1.76). However, waste bin condition (p = 0.135) and clean water source (p =
0.627) did not relate to diarrhea. The multivariate variables that became the
dominant risk factor to the diarrhea incidence on the under five year-old
infants were food management good practices and healthy restroom.
Conclusion: In conclusion, good practices in food management and healthy
restroom gave the diarrhea probability of 94%.
Penulis: Laila Kamilla, Suhartono,
Nur Endah Wahyuningsih
Kode Jurnal: jpkesmasdd120285
