Faktor Risiko Lingkungan Fisik Rumah dan Karakteristik Wilayah Sebagai Determinan Kejadian Penyakit Tuberkulosis Paru di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sentani Kabupaten Jayapura Provinsi Papua
ABSTRACT: Lung Tuberculosis is caused by pathogen
bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis and has infected a third of the world
population. The incidence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in industrialized countries
for the last 40 years indicates that prevalence rate is very small, whereas 95%
of the sufferers in developing countries are approximately 8 million people.
They are infected by Pulmonary Tuberculosis with 3 million of death rate per
year. Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Indonesia according to WHO (1999 and 2004), is
as many as 583,000 cases: 140,000 for death and 13/100.000 people are new
patients. Papua province in 2007 has the number of new patients with smear
Basil (BTA) (+) amounting 1535 patients, more than half of the patients are those
who are between 15-45 years of age or equal to 933 cases. If such a condition
continues, Papua Province will lose productive human resources.
Methods: This research was aimed to determine risk factors of physical
environment in housing and regional characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis
in the working area of Public Health Centre, Sentani, Jayapura Regency, Papua
Province. Type of the study was an observational study with case control
approach. Subjects of the research were 106 respondents, consisting of 53 cases
and 53 controls. Statistical analysis was done by Chi-square test, the
relationship of risk factors with the occurrence of tuberculosis (by using univariate
and bivariate analysis), and then multivariate analysis with logistic
regression test.
Results: The result of bivariate analysis showed that there is a
relationship between factors type of house (p = 0,031), natural lighting (p =
0.004), the existence among of direct sunlight (p = 0.020), house ventilation
(p = 0.020), bedroom ventilation (p = 0.003),
humidity of bedroom (p = 0.000), temperature of bedroom (p = 0.000), house
density (0,004), and type of house floor
(0.001), whereas the result of multivariate analysis shows thatrisk factors for
pulmonary tuberculosis is bedroom ventilation (OR = 16.949), temperature of
bedroom (OR = 8.913), and type of house floor (OR = 4.575), and as protective
factor is house ventilation (OR = 0.036).
Conclusions: In this research, all of variables studied have significant
relationships and 3 variables which are risk factors for the occurrence of
tuberculosis, namely, bedroom ventilation, temperature of bedroom, and type of house
floor.
Penulis: Andreas Christian
Ayomi, Onny Setiani, Tri Joko
Kode Jurnal: jpkesmasdd120257
