Faktor-Faktor Risiko Hipertensi Sistolik Terisolasi pada Lanjut Usia
Abstrak: Elderly period is the
final period of development in human life cycle. One reaches elderly period
when he or she is >60 years old. US Census Bureau in WHO Report projects
that in 2000-2030 world population of >60 years old will increase from 6.9%
to 12.0% with the biggest increase in developing countries. Isolated systolic
hypertension (ISH) is an important cardiovascular risk factor in the elderly as
indicated from systolic blood pressure >140mmHg and diastolic pressure
<90mmHg. One of causes of increasing blood pressure in the elderly
population is ISH. Its prevalence and incidence increase in line with
increasing age and it is estimated that 55% of population will have
hypertension at the age of 60 years and 65% at the age of > 70 years. In elderly
population with hypertension 65% of them have ISH.
Objective: The study aimed to identify risk factors of ISH among the
elderly at Kalibawang, District of Kulon Progo, Province of Yogyakarta Special
Territory.
Method: The study was observational with case control study design.
Subject of the study were elderly of >60 years old based on inclusion and
exclusion criteria. Subject consisted of 238 people comprising 119 cases and
119 controls. Analysis used chi square test (X2) at significance 95% and multiple
logistic regression to identify dominant factors in the prevalence of ISH.
Result: Variables of smoking habit, psychosocial stress and physical
activity were risk factors for the prevalence of ISH in the elderly at
Kalibawang where by smoking habit OR =3.353 (95% CI 1.375-8.172); psychosocial
stress OR = 2.449 (95% CI 1,408-4,260) and less physical activity, OR =1.970
(95% CI 1.110-3.495).
Conclusion: Smoking habit (OR=3.35), psychosocial stress (OR=2.44) and
less physical activity (OR=1.97) where as obesity was not risk factor for the
prevalence of ISH.
Penulis: Abdul Farid Lewa, I
Dewa Putu Pramantara, Th. Baning Rahayujati
Kode Jurnal: jpkedokterandd100172
