Study on Pressure Distribution in the Blade Passage of the Francis Turbine
Abstract: Pressure
distribution along a series of guide and runner blade passages of the Francis turbine
are useful to be known in order to predict flowing water pressure through the
passages whether the pressure under the vapor pressure or not. Furthermore,
when at any section of the passages the water pressure under the vapor pressure
a cavitations will occur. In this study, the pressure of flowing water
throughout the blade passages were measured at four sections along the passages
by using four mercury deflection manometers and conditions of the flowing water
were recorded by using a stroboscope
and camera. The turbine
was operated at
5 different heads with the same
guide blade openings. Water pressures at the inlet and outlet turbine were measured
by a Bourdon manometer of each. The flow rates were measured by using an
orifice plate equipped with a mercury deep
well manometer. The forces were
measured by using a prony brake and
turbine rotations were detected by using a digital tachometer. The result of
the research state that head drop on the guide and runner blades, and turbine
efficiency changing as the head, flow rate and turbine speed changed. The head
drop on the runner was greater than that on the guide blade. Cavitations were
not occoured because the lower pressure along the passages were still higher
than vapor pressure. Water pressure decreased from the guide blade inlet to the
runner outlet.
Keywords: Francis turbine, Pressure distribution,
guide and runner
passages, head drop, cavitations, efficiency
Penulis: Djoko Sutikno, Rudy
Soenoko, Pratikto, Fery Putra PT, Ponco Muchamad Nur Cahyo
Kode Jurnal: jptmesindd110172
