Kelimpahan dan Keanekaragam Tanaman Pakan Rusa Bawean di Kawasan Suaka Margasatwa Pulau Bawean, Jawa Timur
Abstract: Bawean deer (Axis
kuhlii) is an endemic species to Bawean. Habitat change and loss, land
conversion, and over exploitation affect the availability of potential food
forBawean deer. The aims of this research were to identifi types ofpotential food for Bawean deer in
Bawean Wildlife Sanctuary, the abundance ofpotential foods in Bawean Wildlife
Sanctuary and the diversity of such potential foods. Data collected using line
transects whose length was adjusted according to field condition. The line
transects were located in parallel to natural trail of study area. Observation
was done in the plots established along transect, where plant being eaten by
Bawean deer was found. Plot has a circular form with diameter of 3.14 m.
Distance between plots was determined to be 100 m. Indicators used to collect
data were feces, footprint and bite or chew mark on food plants. Identification
ofplant species was conducted directly for every plant which showed bite or
chew mark Data concerning type ofplant and its number, part of plants which was
bitten or chewed and plant height were recorded. Abundance will be determined
from the number of potential foods in each location. The results were
afterwards compared among three forest regions. The diversity of food plant
species was determined using Shannon index. The result showed that there are 29
plants considered as potential food for Bawean deer. Most of the plants are
grasses, and herbs, while woody plants are found in a small number. Leaves,
shoots (buds) and fruits are part of plant often being eaten. There are 14 food
plants occurred in Gunung Mas forest region, 27 food plants were found in
Gunung Besar forest region and 13 food plants in Tanjung Cina Island. Taliata,
rumput padang and gadung have high abundance in Gunung Mas forest region, the
smallest abundance was occupied by kayu flat. Kabek-kabekan putih,
lading-ladingan and taliata showed the highest abundance in Gunung Besar forest
region, while karangsang has the lowest abundance. In Tanjung Cina Island, high
abundance was dominated by gadung, taliowar and lading-ladingan. On the other
hand, talicacing, kayu tekek and rombok putih showed low abundance. Among three
study areas, Gunung Besar forest region has the highest diversity index,
followed by Gunung Mas forest region and then Tanjung Cina Island.
Keywords: Bawean deer, food
plant, abundance, diversity, line transect
Penulis: Subeno
Kode Jurnal: jpkehutanandd090005
