DETOKSIFIKASI UMBI GADUNG (Dioscorea hispida Dennst.) MELALUI PROSES FERMENTASI MENGGUNAKAN KAPANG Mucor sp.
ABSTRACT: Dioscorea hispida
Dennst. or gadung-yam is one of the tuber crops in Indonesia. Nevertheless,
people are still unaware to consume gadung-yam and its derivative product,
because of toxic compounds such as alkaloid and cyanide. Therefore, it is
necessary to have a detoxification process to decrease the concentration of
cyanide to have safe product of gadung-yam such as gadung flour. A
detoxification can be carried out by a fermentation method, which accelerates
the breakdown of cyanides. The fermentation will produce more volatile HCN in
gadung flour which evaporate in drying process. The fermentation in this
research used Mucor sp. The objective of this research was to obtain the
optimum concentration of Mucor sp. and the the fermentation time to produce
less cyanide gadung flour. The experimental design of the research was
Factorial Randomized Block Design with two factors. The first factor was the
concentration of mold with four levels, i.e. 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%. The second
factor was the fermentation time with 3 levels i.e. 24, 48 and 72 jam. The data
was analyzed using anova followed by LSD or DMRT test with = 0.05.The results showed that there was significant interaction
between the mold concentration and the fermentation time on starch, reducing
sugar, total sugar, and fiber content.
However, there was no significant interaction between treatments on
moisture and cyanide content. The best treatment was the combination of 5% mold
and 72 hours fermentation. The
characteristic of this gadung-flour were 4.01% of moisture content, 21.74 ppm
of cyanide content; 46.66% of starch content; 3.6% of fiber content; 17.00% of
total sugar content; 9.52% reducing sugar content; L* colour of 60.97; a* of
13.27; b* of 18.45; 3.27% of
higroscopicity, and starch gelatinization temperature of 83ºC.
Keywords: gadung,
detoxification, yams flour, fermentation, Mucor sp.
Penulis: Pramono Sasongko
Kode Jurnal: jppertaniandd090027
