ANALISIS MORFOLOGI SERAT DAN SIFAT FISIS-KIMIA PADA ENAM JENIS BAMBU SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU PULP DAN KERTAS
ABSTRACT: Six species of bamboos,
that were andong bamboo (Gigantochloa verticillata), tali bamboo (Gigantochloa
apus), hitam bamboo (Gigantochloa nigrocillata), ampel bamboo (Bambusa
vulgaris), betung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper), and kuning bamboo (Bambusa
vulgaris), were analyzed for their fiber morphological as well as their
physical-chemical properties. Results of these analysis would be used as a
matter of consideration in choosing species of bamboos to be used as raw
material for pulp and paper. Fiber morphological analyses include determination
of fiber dimensions and followed by calculation of derivation of fiber
dimensions. Determination of fiber
dimensions includes fiber length, fiber diameter, lumen diameter and cell wall
thickness, while calculation of derivation fiber dimensions includes runkell
ratio, felting power/slenderness), muhlsteph ratio, coefficient of rigidity and
flexibility ratio. Physical analyses include moisture content and specific
gravity, while chemical analyses include determination of extractive (ethanol-benzene),
hot water solubles, cold water solubles, lignin, holocellulose, ash and
silicate contents. Results of this study
showed that of the six species of bamboos studied, kuning bamboo had the most
suitable properties as raw material for pulp and paper, followed by betung,
tali, andong, hitam, and ampel bamboos.
Keywords: Bamboo, fiber
morphology, physical-chemical properties, pulp, paper
Penulis: Widya FATRIASARI,
Euis HERMIATI
Kode Jurnal: jpkehutanandd080039
