TAPAL KUDA BERGOLAK: SUATU KAJIAN TENTANG RESISTENSI TERHADAP PELENGSERAN PRESIDEN GUS DUR 2001
ABSTRACT: This article
describes social resistance in Tapal Kuda community against The People
Consultative Assembly (Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat) who deposed President
Wahid (Gus Dur) in 2001. Their resistance resulted in loss of human life as
well as the destruction of religious buildings, educational institutions, and
other public facilities, which are believed to have historical connections to
their opponents, i.e. Muhammadiyah or its leader, Amien Rais. The Tapal Kuda
community shares typical cultural characteristics such as Maduranese, Muslim,
“remain traditional”, based on Ulama, and made their kiai (religious leader) as
the highest role-model. Additionally, they have developed network of religious
boarding schools of Tarekat Naqsyabandiah wal Qadiriah and classifying them
into hierarchy of “core schools” (pesantren induk) and their sub-levels.The
resistance shows symbolic manipulations made up by local elite leaders for
fabricating profane symbols into a sacred ones in a way that unmistakebly
drawing political dimension into intra-religious conflicts. The tension
appeared in how they define themselves as minna (saya, as self) and minkum
(kamu, the others). This definition had became a moral basis that justified
their act in destroying the opponents as the others. It is important to see how
value of Islamic solidarity within traditional muslim community in Madura tends
to get firmer while paradoxically the wholeness of Muslim brotherhood is under
threat.
Key words: Tapal Kuda, Madura,
kiai, pesantren, resistance, Nahdlatul Ulama, Muhammadiyah
Penulis: Abd. Latief Bustami
Kode Jurnal: jpantropologidd110001
