Nawa al-Sa‘dawi: Modalitas sebagai Pembentuk Nilai Islam dalam Praktik Diskursus Gender oleh Pemimpin Agama dan Penguasa Mesir
Abstract: Nawa al-Sa’dawi is
an Egyptian gender and social activist. Her first and most controversial novel
“al-Mar’ah wa al-Jins” provoked a far-reaching debate on issues relating to sex
and women. This novel was the reason for her intimidation by both the political
and religious authorities in Egypt. She was later dismissed from her position
as a director of public health service by the request of the political
authority. To her disappointment, Egypt was overwhelmed by a repressive
mentality of men against women and children. And she believed that this
repression was the result of –among others- the capitalistic mentality of the
Egyptians. This mentality was translated into a discourse that legitimizes
gender-bias policy that both political and religious authorities advocated.
Al-Sa’dawi objected this, and expressed her concern in her The Hidden Face of
Eva where she first narrates the repressive reality that she encounters in her
society. She then suggests that the capitalistic mentality of the Egyptians has
become some kind of value system around which their behavior was shaped. By
value system she means a belief that women can – and even must- be exploited
for the interest of men. Woman is inferior to man. This belief is so common
that it forms part and parcel of the Egyptian social structure, mentality and
the way they run their day-to-day economic activities. A patriarchal society
would stand firm in defense of this value system. Driven either by its
capitalistic mentality or else by its persistence to stay resolute, the
patriarchal society would unduly remain aloof in its exploitation of women and
children. The thrust of al-Sa’dawi’s ideas is to challenge all this. This paper
in the meantime is destined to explore those ideas by consulting the Islamic
view concerning justice and equality. We also are interested in examining al-
Sa’dawi’s ideas by employing Pierre Bourdieu’s schemata of Habitus x Capital =
Domain.
Keywords: Gender, Feminism,
Repression
Penulis: Yayuk Fauziyah
Kode Jurnal: jpperadabanislamdd080012
