Metode Kritis Al-Shawkani dalam Kitab Nayl Al-Awtar
Abstract: Of the many sources
for the study of Hadîth and the science of law and legal arrangements (al-ahkâm
wa al-mawâ‘ id), Kitâb Muntaqâ al-Akhbâr by Majd al-Dîn Abd al-Salâm bin
Abdullah bin Qâsim better known as Ibn Taymiyyah (d. 652 H) is one of the most
important. This book has been commented by al-Shawkânî in a book called Nayl
al-Awţâr where he employs the following methods. First, elaborating and
commenting not of all hadiths but some them in each chapter of the book.
Second, describing the narrators of the hadîths, their quality and personality.
Third, providing the literal meaning of the hadîths he commented. Fourth,
explaining the grammatical position of the vocabularies of the hadîth. Fifth,
highlighting the use and benefit of the hadîth. Sixth, explaining the views of
various ulama on a hadith. Seventh, extrapolating the legal rules of the hadîth
using the dictums of the uşûl al-fiqh. This paper is designed to discuss this.
It holds that in providing the commentary of the hadith, al-Shawkânî begins with
the issue of how it was narrated (takhrîj), and ends up with extrapolating
rules that may be learnt from it. The paper also believes that al-Shawkânî is
an objective scholar, who worked in the elaboration and commentary of the
hadîths just for the sake of knowledge. The fact that he often offers a
commentary against the legal position of his own school of thought indicates
that al-Shawkânî a person of academic integrity. The methods that he employs
and the spirit behind his determination to provide commentary, all point to one
thing of particular importance, that al-Shawkânî is immune of fanaticism and
imitation.
Keyword: Nayl al-Awtar,
al-Shawkani, al-Ahkam wa al-Mawa‘id
Penulis: Zainuddin MZ
Kode Jurnal: jpperadabanislamdd090029
