Abstract: In this work, the ultrasound-assisted
transesterification of used frying oil (UFO) was studied. A two-step
pretreatment of degumming and esterification was conducted to prepare UFO as
raw material for transesterification. The
esterification and transesterification was
performed by using ethanol as
solvent in the presence of ultrasonic irradiations operating at frequency of 40
kHz. The esterification was carried
out with oil to
ethanol ratio of 1:10,
temperature of 60oC and
reaction time of 4 hours in the presence of 1 wt .% H2SO4 as an acid catalyst.
Meanwhile, the transesterification reaction
was carried out
with oil to
ethanol molar ratio
of 1:8, 1:10, 1:12,
1:15; KOH catalyst
concentration of 0.5,
0.75, 1, 1.25
and 1.5 wt.%;
and reaction temperature of
40, 50 and 60oC.
The
highest biodiesel yield
of 65% obtained
at ultrasound-assisted
transesterification condition of oil to ethanol molar ratio of 1:12, reaction
temperature of 50oC and KOH concentration of 1 wt.%. The results of
analysis of some parameters of the product
showed biodiesel has
fulfilled the specifications according
to the Indonesian
National Standard (SNI) 04-7182-2006 number.
Keywords: Biodiesel, Esterification, Used frying oil,
Transesterification, Ultrasonic
Penulis: Muhammad Dani Supardan
Kode Jurnal: jpkimiadd110019
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