Nutrient Content, Protein Fractionation, and Utilization of Some Beans as Potential Alternatives to Soybean for Ruminant Feeding
Abstract: This experiment
aimed to determine nutrient content, protein fraction, and in vitro rumen
fermentation of some alternative beans in comparison to soybean. Samples used
were napier grass, soybean, redbean, groundnut, pigeonpea, cowpea, bambarabean,
and mungbean. Samples were determined for their proximate composition, Van
Soest’s fiber fraction, and Cornell protein fraction. The samples were
subsequently evaluated for their fermentation characteristics and digestibility
by using a two-stage in vitro rumen fermentation technique, maintained at 39 oC
for 2 × 48 h. The in vitro incubation was performed in three consecutive runs
by following a randomized complete block design in which each sample per run
was represented by four fermentation tubes. Results revealed that all
experimental beans contained high crude protein (CP), i.e. above 200 g/kg dry
matter (DM), but only soybean and groundnut had CP contents higher than 300
g/kg DM. Redbean had the lowest crude fiber and acid detergent fiber contents among
the beans. Soybean contained high proportion of rapidly degraded CP fraction,
but low in slowly degraded and unavailable CP fractions. High proportion of
slowly degraded CP fraction was found in redbean and bambarabean. Redbean,
pigeonpea, cowpea, and mungbean were better than soybean, groundnut, and
bambarabean with regard to DM degradability and DM digestibility values
(P<0.05). Concentration of total VFA was the highest in the incubation of
redbean. It was concluded that groundnut, redbean, pigeonpea, cowpea, and
mungbean have the potency to be used to substitute soybean for ruminant
feeding.
Keywords: bean; alternative
feed; protein fraction; ruminant; rumen
Penulis: A. Jayanegara, S. P.
Dewi, M. Ridla
Kode Jurnal: jppeternakangg160053