Underwater Channel Characterization to Design Wireless Sensor Network by Bellhop
Abstract: Acoustic underwater
link due to low attenuation is employed for underwater sensor network (UWSN).
Due to water changing physical properties and different environmental
conditions, the sound propagation for every underwater channel are different.
So, the most important parameters to design reliable UWSN are: the shadow zone
determination, optimum nodes placement, high signal to noise ratio and more
power efficiency of nodes. This paper simulates underwater channel for 7 KHz
carrier frequency, with measured physical water properties and remote sensing
data. Based on defined scenario, the research determines optimum nodes
placement and link budget analysis based on bottom to surface acoustic link.
The paper utilizes Bellhop acoustic toolbox as a simulator, GeoMapApp program
to collects bathymetry data and Aviso+ database to determine wind speed on sea
surface. As a result the paper based on simulation of sound propagation in
channel and transmission loss determination in depth and range, finds the
optimum nodes positions and link budget calculation to prove the results.
Keywords: Underwater channel
characterization, Underwater sound propagation, Underwater link budget, Underwater
node placement, Bellhop
Author: Nima Bahrami, Nor
Hisham Haji Khamis, Ameruddin Baharom, Azli Yahya
Journal Code: jptkomputergg160191
